Numerical Simulation of Micro-Bubbles Dispersion by Surface Waves

This paper presents an algorithm for numerical modeling of bubble dispersion occurring in the near-surface layer upper ocean under action non-breaking two-dimensional (2D) surface waves. The is based on a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach where full, 3D Navier-Stokes equations carrier flow induced by waved water are solved Eulerian frame, and trajectories individual bubbles simultaneously tracked Lagrangian taking into account impact flow. diameters considered range from 200 to 400 microns (thus, micro-bubbles), effects related deformation dissolution neglected. allows evaluation instantaneous as well statistically stationary, phase-averaged profiles carrier-flow turbulence, concentration (void fraction) void-fraction fluxes different regimes, both with without wind-induced drift. simulations results show that capable enhancing compared bubble-free flow, vertical velocity fluctuations mostly augmented, increasingly so larger bubbles. also dynamics governed buoyancy, surrounding fluid acceleration force drag whereas lift remains negligible.